• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs is an important tool for helping your loved ones live at home independently. If they are not designed properly, they are dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require landings to be level at any shift in direction to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide a grippy surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp design should meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards so that wheelchairs are able to move around the structure easily. The ramp's slope must not exceed a 1:12 ratio and the landings have to be level in any change of direction or shift in the ramp surface. The ramp must also be constructed out of treated lumber that is more robust and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The top and bottom of the ramp should be free of obstacles such as bushes, trees or other structures that could hinder the safe passage of the ramp's user. The ramp's surface should also be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be coated with an anti-slip surface.

Use treated lumber at minimum 4 inches in width for the ramp frame. To ensure the ramp is secured, construct posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend below the ground level. The posts must then be connected with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This type of connection is recommended because it minimizes the risk of the ramp operator falling off the edge of the ramp.

Next, construct the frame of the ramp using beams 2 by 4 inches in size, and Joists that are at least 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they are secured with hangers for joists which are nails that grip the inside of the joists and prevent them from sliding off the ground. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.

Create an upper landing in the doorway to enable wheelchair occupants to manage the doorswing with ease. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of out-swinging doors. For doors with in-swing, the landing must be at least 58 inches by 60 inches to allow for the bridge threshold ramp for wheelchair and a person using wheelchair who has to walk backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp, to avoid wheelchairs from having their brakes at corners. A level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp out of the way, if needed so that lawnmowers and other equipment can slide under it.

Materials

Aluminium, concrete, or wood can be used to construct ramps for wheelchairs. A professional ramp installer will assist you in choosing the right option for your office or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it is important to consider your budget and the specific requirements. The ramp should also be simple to maintain and safe to use. Certain cities require the ramp to be paved with a non-slip surface.

Before you purchase any materials or begin construction, make sure you have the appropriate permits from your local authority and that you follow all building codes within your area. Using the incorrect materials or construction techniques can lead to dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find up-to-date construction regulations in your local building department of the government, library or on the internet.

Wood ramps are the most affordable option for ADA ramp materials. However they need more maintenance. The surface of wood ramps must be regularly treated with a sealer to avoid warping and rot. Wood splinters can be a problem, and is particularly hazardous for people in wheelchairs. Wood telescopic ramps electric wheelchairs can require additional support to ensure that the structure is standing and steady.

Concrete ramps are expensive but they are also durable and last for a long time. They are also heavy, which requires more effort to install and can make moving the ramp when it is no longer needed difficult. Concrete ramps are strong enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum temporary ramps for wheelchairs are lighter than concrete or steel however they possess the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than steel or iron and are a great option for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is eco-friendly since it is found in the earth's crust naturally, and is recyclable.

The upper landing of the ramp should be at a level, or within 3/8 inch of the threshold to allow for the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to pass over it without getting stuck. Ramps with a gap higher than this meet ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp flows smoothly from the upper landing to the ground surface. The ramp's final section should have a beveled edge to ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly when they leave or enter the home.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is a plane inclined ramp that can be erected as an alternative or in the place of steps. It allows wheelchair users and people who use carts or strollers to access areas that would otherwise be difficult to access, such as the front door or a set up of steep steps.

There are many factors to consider when choosing a ramp for a wheelchair, including size, location, and height. The ideal is for a ramp to be situated as close to the door as is possible to help prevent unnecessary travel. It should be placed at a height that the person using it is able to be able to easily access it. It should be securely anchored to the floor and clear of obstructions, such as car parks, shrubs or other obstacles.

ADA regulations state that ramps must have handrails on either side. The rails should be at minimum 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. They must also be attached to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches over it. Handrails should be continuous if a ramp is designed with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout.

The length of the ramp is determined by the slope. However there are standard ramp types which are suitable for all situations. For instance the threshold ramp is placed directly on the lip of a curb, or the threshold of a doorway, while ramps that are portable can be moved from one spot to another and are available in a variety of sizes. There are also aluminum ramps that are modular that can be constructed on site. These ramps are commonly used in public or commercial areas and are usually longer.

Consult with your city's building department to determine whether a permit is required for an ongoing ramp. It's recommended to consult an expert in mobility to find out what type ramp will be the most suitable for your requirements and the space that you have. In some cases installing permanent ramps could increase the value of your house.

Maintenance

It is crucial to keep your ramp for wheelchairs in good condition particularly if it is going to be used often. You'll need to perform regular inspections, and fix any structural problems as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp complies all ADA requirements, and is safe for all users.

Wooden ramps require regular cleaning to get rid of dirt and debris that can obstruct access. Keep the ramp spotless to stop moisture from accumulating under the surface. This can cause decay. Preservatives and stains for wood only work effectively when the ramp is clean before application.

Wheelchair ramps can be more challenging to maintain than other types of ramps, as they are more likely to experience wear and tear. The most important thing to do is make sure you have the appropriate tools for the job. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight you'll need a good set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. You should also regularly inspect the handrails to see if there are signs of damage or corrosion. It is possible that over time, with repeated usage, some of the fittings and bolts that secure the handrails may come loose and pose a major safety concern for people who use the ramp.

It is also crucial to ensure that the surface of the ramp is grippy enough, especially in winter when conditions can be difficult. You'll need to clean away any leaves, dirt and other debris that could hinder the surface and cause slippage. You'll also want to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive on the ramp surface to prevent injuries and slipping.

Think about purchasing "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if plan to use it throughout the winter. These wheels are made to better track on snowy surfaces and uneven surfaces. They will help you stay on your ramp for longer than regular wheelchair tires. You can also place heating pads or tape on the ramp's surface to help melt snow and ice before it gets accumulated.