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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs is a valuable aid to aid your loved ones live more independently at home. But if not designed correctly, they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require level landings on any changes in direction to prevent compound slopes. They must also provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to move around the structure easily. For instance, the ramp's slope must not exceed the ratio 1:12 and must have landings that are level at any angle or change in the ramp's surface. It must also be constructed out of treated lumber, which is more durable and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The ramp's bottom and top should be free of obstacles, such as trees or bushes, or any other structures which could interfere with the safety of the user. In addition the surface of the ramp must be smooth and non-slip. Certain municipalities require the use of an anti-slip surface running along the ramp's entire length.

For the frame of the ramp choose treated lumber that is at minimum four inches wide. Make posts to support the ramp, ensuring they are at least eight feet apart, and that they extend below ground level. The posts must then be connected with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This kind of connection is preferred since it reduces the risk of an operator of the ramp falling off the side of the ramp.

Then, construct the frame for the ramp using joists that are at most 16 inches long and beams that measure 2 by 4 inches. Make sure that the joists stand a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they're secured with Joist hangers which are nails that bind the inside of the joists to prevent them from slipping off the ground. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.

Create an upper landing in the doorway, allowing people with disabilities to navigate the doorswing with ease. This landing should have 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of the doors that swing out. For in-swing doors the landing should be at minimum 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and a person in a wheelchair who needs to roll backward through the doorway.

Install a level landing whenever you alteration in the direction of the ramp to avoid the requirement for wheelchairs to step on their brakes when turning corners. A level landing is easier to remove a ramp of the way if required, so that equipment like lawnmowers can pass beneath it.

Materials

The material used to construct ramps for wheelchairs could be wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation service will help you choose which one is suitable for your home or business. It is essential to take into consideration your specific needs and budget when selecting the materials used for the ramp. The ramp should also be simple to maintain and safe for use. Certain cities require that the ramp be paved with an anti-slip surface.

Be sure to inquire with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing any materials. Also, make certain to follow the local building codes. Using the incorrect materials or methods of construction could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at your local building department office or library, or on the internet.

Wood ramps are the most affordable option for ADA ramp materials. However, they require more maintenance. Wood ramps should be regularly treated with sealers to avoid decay. Wood can splinter, which can be especially hazardous for those who are in wheelchairs. Wood ramps can also need extra support to maintain the structure.

Concrete ramps can be costly however they are durable and last for a long time. They are heavy, which means that more work is required to construct ramps and may make it difficult to move the ramp when no longer needed. Concrete wheel chair ramps for vans are sturdy enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter than concrete or steel, but they have the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than iron or steel, which makes them an ideal choice for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is also environmentally friendly as it is naturally present in the Earth's crust, and can be recycled.

The upper ramp's landing should be at least 3/8 inch of the door threshold in order to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to pass over it without getting stuck. Ramps that have a gap greater than this will not meet ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp flows smoothly from the upper landing to the ground surface. The final section of the ramp should have beveled transitions to avoid an abrupt stop for wheelchairs when they exit or enter an apartment.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is used as an addition or in place of stairs. It lets wheelchair users and those who use carts or strollers to navigate areas that are otherwise difficult to reach like a front door or a set of sloping steps.

There are many factors to consider when choosing a wheelchair ramp such as location, height and cost. The ideal is for a ramp to be placed as close to the door as it is possible to prevent unnecessary travel. It should also be positioned at an elevation that is easy to use by the person who is using it. It should also be properly secured to the ground and clear of obstructions, such as the trees or cars parked.

ADA regulations state that ramps should have handrails on either side. The rails should be at least 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. They should also be connected to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches beyond it. If a car ramp for electric wheelchair is equipped with switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails must be in continuous use between the ramp's edges.

The length of the ramp is determined by the slope. However, there are some common ramp types that can be used in all situations. A threshold ramp, for example is a ramp that is flush with the curb's lip or threshold of the doorway. Portable rubber ramps for wheelchairs are, on the other hand they can be moved to a new location and are available in various sizes. There are also modular Folding Aluminum Wheelchair Ramp (Mymobilityscooters28041.Wikiworldstock.Com) ramps that can be built on the spot. These ramps are usually used in commercial or public areas and are typically longer.

If you're thinking of a permanent ramp, make sure to check with the building department of your city to determine if you require a permit. It is also advisable to speak with an expert in mobility to determine the type of ramp that will work best for your needs and space. In certain situations installing permanent ramps could improve the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is crucial to keep your ramp for wheelchairs in good condition, especially if it will be used often. You'll need to perform regular inspections, and correct any structural issues as they develop. This will ensure that the ramp meets all ADA requirements and is safe for the users.

Regularly cleaning wooden ramps is required to remove dirt and debris that can block access. Keeping the ramp clean will also stop moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and leading to the onset of rot. Preservatives and stains for wood only work effectively if the ramp is completely clean before application.

Wheelchair ramps can be more difficult to maintain than other types of ramps, since they are more prone to wear and tear. The most important thing to do is ensure that you have the right tools for the job. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight you'll need a good set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs of damage or corrosion. With time and repeated usage, it's possible for the bolts or fittings that are anchored the handrails to become loose. This can be an unsafe situation for anyone who is using the ramp.

It is also crucial to ensure that the surface of the ramp is sufficiently grippy especially in winter, when the conditions can be difficult. You will need to sweep off any leaves, dirt or other debris that might block and cause slippage. Additionally, you'll need to apply a non-corrosive ice melt on the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to prevent slipping and injury.

If you're planning on using your ramp throughout the winter, consider investing in traction wheels or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These are specially designed to provide better tracking on uneven and snowy surfaces and are therefore more effective than standard wheelchair tires at helping you stay on the ramp. You can also place heating pads or tape along the ramp surface to help melt snow and ice before it builds up.